Embodied displacements in young German children’s storytelling
Layering of spaces, voices and bodies
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1558/rcsi.37311Keywords:
narration, displacement, depictive gestures, enactment, affect display, picture book reading, discourse acquisitionAbstract
This paper is concerned with embodied processes of joint imagination in young children’s narrative interactions. Based on Karl Bühler’s notion of ‘deixis in the imagination’, it examines in detail how a 19-month-old German-speaking child, engaged in picture book reading with his mother, brings about different subtypes of deixis in the imagination by either ‘displacing’ what is absent into the given order of perception (e.g. by using the hand as a token for an object) or displacing his origo to an imagined space (e.g. by kinaesthetically aligning his body with an imagined body and animating his movements). Drawing on multimodal analysis and the concept of layering in interaction, the study analyses the ways in which the picture book as well as deictic, depictive, vocal and lexical resources are coordinated to evoke a narrative space, co-enact the storybook character’s experiences and produce reciprocal affect displays. Findings demonstrate that different types of displacement are in play quite early in childhood; displacements in the dimension of space and person are produced through layerings of spaces, voices and bodies.
References
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Clark, H.H. (2003). Pointing and placing. In S. Kita (ed),Pointing. Where language, culture, and cognition meet(pp. 243–268). New York: Psychology Press.
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Couper-Kuhlen, E. & Barth-Weingarten, D. (2011). A system for transcribing talk-in-interaction: GAT 2. Gesprächsforschung – Online-Zeitschrift zur verbalen Interaktion,12, 1–51.
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DeLoache, J., Pierroutsakos, S.L., Uttal, D.H., Rosengren, K.S. & Gottlieb, A. (1998). Grasping the nature of pictures. Psychological Science 9 (3), 205–210.
Demir, Ö.E., .Rowe, M.L., Heller, G., Goldin-Meadow, S. & Levine, S. (2015). Vocabulary, syntax, and narrative development in typically developing children and children with early unilateral brain injury: Early parental talk about the “there-and-then” matters. Developmental Psychology51 (2), 161–175.
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Filipi, A. (2017a). The Emergence of Story-Telling. In Bateman, A. & Church, A. (ed), Children’s Knowledge-in-Interaction. Studies in Conversation Analysis(pp. 279–295). Singapore: Springer.
Filipi, A. (2017b). Exploring the recognisability of early story-telling through an interactional lens. Research on Children and Social Interaction1 (2), 141–163.
Goffman, E. (1974). Frame Analysis: An Essay on the Organization of Experience. Boston: Northeastern University Press.
Goffman, E. (1981). Forms of talk. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Goodwin, C. (2003). The Body in Action. In Coupland, J. & Gwyn, R. (eds), Discourse, the body, and identity(pp. 19–42). Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan.
Goodwin, C. (2007). Interactive footing. In Holt, E., Clift, R. (eds), Reporting Talk(pp. 16–46). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Goodwin, C. (2015): Narrative as talk-in-interaction. In de Fina, A. & Georgakopoulou, A. (ed), The Handbook of Narrative Analysis (pp. 197–218). Malden: Wiley Blackwell.
Graziano, M. (2014). The development of two pragmatic gestures of the so-called Open Hand Supine family in Italian children. In Seyfeddinipur, M. & Marianne, G. (eds), From Gesture in Conversation to Visible Action as Utterance(pp. 311–330). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Gullberg, M. (2006). Handling Discourse: Gestures, Reference Tracking, and Communication Strategies in Early L2. Language Learning56 (1), 155–196.
Günthner, S. (1999). Polyphony and the ‘layering of voices’ in reported dialogues: An analysis of the use of prosodic devices in everyday reported speech. Journal of Pragmatics 31 (5), 685–708.
Günthner, S. (2011). The construction of emotional involvement in everyday German narratives – interactive uses of ‘dense constructions’. Pragmatics21 (4), 573–592.
Hanks, W.F. (1990). Referential practice. Language and lived space among the Maya. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Hausendorf, H. & Quasthoff, U. (2005): Sprachentwicklung und Interaktion. Eine linguistische Studie zum Erwerb von Diskursfähigkeiten.Radolfzell: Verlag für Gesprächsforschung.
Haviland, J. (1993). Anchoring, Iconicity, and Orientation in Guugu Yimithirr Pointing Gestures. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology3 (1), 3–45.
Haviland, J. (2000). Pointing, gesture spaces, and mental maps. In McNeill, D. (ed), Language and gesture(pp. 13–46). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Heller, V., Morek, M. & Quasthoff, U. (2015). Mehrfaches Erzählen: Warum wird eine Geschichte im selben Gespräch zweimal erzählt? In Schumann, E., Gülich, E., Lucius-Hoene, G. & Pfänder, S. (eds), Wiedererzählen. Formen und Funktionen einer kulturellen Praxis(pp. 341–367) Bielefeld: transcript.
Heller, V. & Rohlfing, K. (2017). Reference as an Interactive Achievement. Sequential and Longitudinal Analyses of Labeling Interactions in Shared Book Reading and Free Play. Frontiers in Psychology 8, 139, 1-19.
Hickmann, M. (1993). The boundaries of reported speech in narrative discourse: some developmental aspects. In Lucy, J. (ed), Reflexive language. Reported speech and metapragmatics(pp. 63–90). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kendon, A. (1980). Gesticulation and speech: Two aspects of the process of utterance. In Key, M. (ed), The relationship between verbal and nonverbal communication (pp. 207–227). The Hague: Mouton.
Kendon, A. (2004). Gesture. Visible action as utterance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kern, F. & Quasthoff, U. (2005). Fantasy stories and conversational narratives of personal experience: Genre-specific, interactional and developmental perspectives. In Quasthoff, U. & Becker, T. (eds), Narrative Interaction(pp. 15–56). Amsterdam: Benjamins.
König, K. & Oloff, F. (2018). Die Multimodalität alltagspraktischen Erzählens. Zeitschrift für Literaturwissenschaft und Linguistik, 48 (2), 277–248.
Labov, W. & Waletzky, J. (1967). Narrative Analysis. Oral Versions of Personal Experience. Narrative Analysis: Oral Versions of Personal Experience. In Helm, J. (ed), Essays on the verbal and visual arts(pp. 12–44). Seattle: University of Washington Press.
Lausberg, H. & Sloetjes, H. (2009). Coding gestural behavior with the NEUROGES-ELAN system. Behavior Research Methods41, 841–849.
Levy, E.T. & McNeill, D. (2015). Narrative development in young children. Gesture, imagery, and cohesion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Mandelbaum, J. (2013). Storytelling in conversation. In Sidnell, J. & Stivers, T. (ed), The Handbook of Conversation Analysis(pp. 492–507). Chichester: Blackwell.
McNeill, D. (1992). Hand and Mind. What Gestures Reveal About Thought. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Mondada, L. (2013). Interactional space and the study of embodied talk-in-interaction. In P. Auer, M. Hilpert, A. Stukenbrock & B. Szmrecsanyi (eds), Space in language and linguistics (pp. 247–275). Berlin: de Gruyter.
Müller, C. (2003). On the gestural creation of narrative structure: A case study of a story told in a conversation. In Rector, M., Poggi, I. & Trigo, N. (eds), Gestures. Meaning and use(pp. 259–265). Porto: Universidade Fernando Pessoa.
Ochs, E. & Capps, L. (2001). Living narrative. Creating lives in everyday storytelling. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Ohlhus, S. (2016). Narrative Verfahren und mediale Bedingungen. Überlegungen zur Analyse mündlicher und schriftlicher Erzählungen. In Behrens, U. &. Gätje, O. (eds),Mündliches und schriftliches Handeln im Deutschunterricht (pp. 39–65). Frankfurt a.M: Peter Lang.
Quasthoff, U. (2001): Erzählen als interaktive Gesprächsstruktur. In Brinker, K. (ed), Text- und Gesprächslinguistik(pp. 1293–1309). Bd 2. Berlin: de Gruyter.
Quasthoff, U., Heller, V., Morek, M. (2017). On the sequential organization and genre-orientation of discourse units in interaction. An analytic framework. Discourse Studies 19 (1), 84–110.
Rossmanith, N., Costall, A., Reichelt, A., .López, B. &. Reddy, V. (2014). Jointly structuring triadic spaces of meaning and action: book sharing from 3 months on. Frontiers in Psychology 5, 1–22.
Sacks, H. (1972). On the Analyzability of Stories by Children. In Gumperz, J. &. Hymes, D. (ed), Directions in sociolinguistics. The ethnography of communication(pp. 325–345). Oxford: Blackwell.
Sacks, H. (1995). Lectures on conversation. Oxford: Blackwell.
Sacks, H. & Schegloff, E.A. (2002). Home Position.Gesture2 (2), 133–146.
Selting, M. (2013): Verbal, vocal, and visual practices in conversational interaction. In Müller, C., Cienki, A., Fricke, E., Ladewig, S., McNeill, D. & Tessendorf, S. (eds), Body – language – communication 1. (pp. 589–609). Berlin: de Gruyter.
Selting, M. (2017). The display and management of affectivity in climaxes of amusing stories. Journal of Pragmatics111, 1–32.
Sidnell, J. (2006). Coordinating gesture, talk, and gaze in reenactments. Research on Language and Social Interaction39 (4), 377–409.
Stivers, T. (2008). Stance, Alignment, and Affiliation During Storytelling: When Nodding Is a Token of Affiliation. Research on Language and Social Interaction 41 (1), 31–57.
Streeck, J. (2008). Depicting by gesture. Gesture8 (3), 285–301.
Streeck, J. (2011). Gesturecraft. The manufacture of meaning. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Stukenbrock, A. (2014). Pointing to an ‘empty’ space. Deixis am Phantasma in face-to-face interaction. Journal of Pragmatics74, 70–93.
Stukenbrock, A. (2015). Deixis in der face-to-face Interaktion. Berlin: de Gruyter.
Stukenbrock, A. (2017). Intercorporeal phantasms: Kinesthetic alignment with imagined bodies in self-defense training. In Meyer, C., Streeck, J. & Jordan, S. (eds), Intercorporeality. Emerging socialities in interaction(pp. 237–263). New York: Oxford University Press.
Tarplee, C. (2010): Next turn and intersubjectivity in children's language acquisition. In Gardner, H. & Forrester, M.A. (eds), Analysing interactions in childhood. Insights from conversation analysis(pp. 3–22). Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.
Thompson, S.A. & Suzuki, R. (2014). Reenactments in conversation. Gaze and recipiency. Discourse Studies16 (6), 816–846.
Uccelli, P., Demir-Lira, Ö., Rowe, M.L., Levine, S.,. Goldin-Meadow, S. (2018). Children's Early Decontextualized Talk Predicts Academic Language Proficiency in Midadolescence. In: Child Development, 1–14.
Wolf, D. & Hicks, D. (1989). The voices within narratives: The development of intertextuality in young children‘s stories. Discourse Processes12 (3), 329–351.
Bakhtin, M.M. (1981). Discourse in the novel. In M. Holquist (ed), The dialogic imagination(pp. 259–422). Austin: University of Texas Press.
Bergmann, J. & Luckmann, T. (1995) Reconstructive Genres of Everyday Communication. In U. Quasthoff (ed), Aspects of oral communication (pp. 289–304). Berlin: de Gruyter.
Bühler, K. (1999/1934). Sprachtheorie. Die Darstellungsfunktion der Sprache. Stuttgart: Lucius & Lucius.
Bühler, K. (2011). Theory of language. The representational function of language. Translated by D. Goodwin & A. Eschbach. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Cekaite, A., Björk-Willén, P. (2018). Enchantment in storytelling. Co-operation and participation in children's aesthetic experience. Linguistics and Education 48, 52–60.
Clark, H.H. (2003). Pointing and placing. In S. Kita (ed),Pointing. Where language, culture, and cognition meet(pp. 243–268). New York: Psychology Press.
Colletta, J. & Pellenq, C. (2010). The development of multimodal explanations in French children. In: Nippold, M. & Scott,C.(eds), Expository discourse in children, adolescents, and adults. Development and disorders(pp. 63–97). New York: Psychology Press.
Couper-Kuhlen, E. & Barth-Weingarten, D. (2011). A system for transcribing talk-in-interaction: GAT 2. Gesprächsforschung – Online-Zeitschrift zur verbalen Interaktion,12, 1–51.
Cristilli, C. (2014). How gestures help children to track reference in narratives. In Seyfeddinipur, M. & Gullberg, M. (eds), From Gesture in Conversation to Visible Action as Utterance(pp. 331–350). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
DeLoache, J., Pierroutsakos, S.L., Uttal, D.H., Rosengren, K.S. & Gottlieb, A. (1998). Grasping the nature of pictures. Psychological Science 9 (3), 205–210.
Demir, Ö.E., .Rowe, M.L., Heller, G., Goldin-Meadow, S. & Levine, S. (2015). Vocabulary, syntax, and narrative development in typically developing children and children with early unilateral brain injury: Early parental talk about the “there-and-then” matters. Developmental Psychology51 (2), 161–175.
Ervin-Tripp, S. & Küntay, A.C. (2010): The Occasioning and Structure of Conversational Stories. In Givón, T. (ed), Conversation. Cognitive, communicative and social perspectives(pp. 133–166). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Filipi, A. (2017a). The Emergence of Story-Telling. In Bateman, A. & Church, A. (ed), Children’s Knowledge-in-Interaction. Studies in Conversation Analysis(pp. 279–295). Singapore: Springer.
Filipi, A. (2017b). Exploring the recognisability of early story-telling through an interactional lens. Research on Children and Social Interaction1 (2), 141–163.
Goffman, E. (1974). Frame Analysis: An Essay on the Organization of Experience. Boston: Northeastern University Press.
Goffman, E. (1981). Forms of talk. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Goodwin, C. (2003). The Body in Action. In Coupland, J. & Gwyn, R. (eds), Discourse, the body, and identity(pp. 19–42). Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan.
Goodwin, C. (2007). Interactive footing. In Holt, E., Clift, R. (eds), Reporting Talk(pp. 16–46). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Goodwin, C. (2015): Narrative as talk-in-interaction. In de Fina, A. & Georgakopoulou, A. (ed), The Handbook of Narrative Analysis (pp. 197–218). Malden: Wiley Blackwell.
Graziano, M. (2014). The development of two pragmatic gestures of the so-called Open Hand Supine family in Italian children. In Seyfeddinipur, M. & Marianne, G. (eds), From Gesture in Conversation to Visible Action as Utterance(pp. 311–330). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Gullberg, M. (2006). Handling Discourse: Gestures, Reference Tracking, and Communication Strategies in Early L2. Language Learning56 (1), 155–196.
Günthner, S. (1999). Polyphony and the ‘layering of voices’ in reported dialogues: An analysis of the use of prosodic devices in everyday reported speech. Journal of Pragmatics 31 (5), 685–708.
Günthner, S. (2011). The construction of emotional involvement in everyday German narratives – interactive uses of ‘dense constructions’. Pragmatics21 (4), 573–592.
Hanks, W.F. (1990). Referential practice. Language and lived space among the Maya. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Hausendorf, H. & Quasthoff, U. (2005): Sprachentwicklung und Interaktion. Eine linguistische Studie zum Erwerb von Diskursfähigkeiten.Radolfzell: Verlag für Gesprächsforschung.
Haviland, J. (1993). Anchoring, Iconicity, and Orientation in Guugu Yimithirr Pointing Gestures. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology3 (1), 3–45.
Haviland, J. (2000). Pointing, gesture spaces, and mental maps. In McNeill, D. (ed), Language and gesture(pp. 13–46). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Heller, V., Morek, M. & Quasthoff, U. (2015). Mehrfaches Erzählen: Warum wird eine Geschichte im selben Gespräch zweimal erzählt? In Schumann, E., Gülich, E., Lucius-Hoene, G. & Pfänder, S. (eds), Wiedererzählen. Formen und Funktionen einer kulturellen Praxis(pp. 341–367) Bielefeld: transcript.
Heller, V. & Rohlfing, K. (2017). Reference as an Interactive Achievement. Sequential and Longitudinal Analyses of Labeling Interactions in Shared Book Reading and Free Play. Frontiers in Psychology 8, 139, 1-19.
Hickmann, M. (1993). The boundaries of reported speech in narrative discourse: some developmental aspects. In Lucy, J. (ed), Reflexive language. Reported speech and metapragmatics(pp. 63–90). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kendon, A. (1980). Gesticulation and speech: Two aspects of the process of utterance. In Key, M. (ed), The relationship between verbal and nonverbal communication (pp. 207–227). The Hague: Mouton.
Kendon, A. (2004). Gesture. Visible action as utterance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kern, F. & Quasthoff, U. (2005). Fantasy stories and conversational narratives of personal experience: Genre-specific, interactional and developmental perspectives. In Quasthoff, U. & Becker, T. (eds), Narrative Interaction(pp. 15–56). Amsterdam: Benjamins.
König, K. & Oloff, F. (2018). Die Multimodalität alltagspraktischen Erzählens. Zeitschrift für Literaturwissenschaft und Linguistik, 48 (2), 277–248.
Labov, W. & Waletzky, J. (1967). Narrative Analysis. Oral Versions of Personal Experience. Narrative Analysis: Oral Versions of Personal Experience. In Helm, J. (ed), Essays on the verbal and visual arts(pp. 12–44). Seattle: University of Washington Press.
Lausberg, H. & Sloetjes, H. (2009). Coding gestural behavior with the NEUROGES-ELAN system. Behavior Research Methods41, 841–849.
Levy, E.T. & McNeill, D. (2015). Narrative development in young children. Gesture, imagery, and cohesion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Mandelbaum, J. (2013). Storytelling in conversation. In Sidnell, J. & Stivers, T. (ed), The Handbook of Conversation Analysis(pp. 492–507). Chichester: Blackwell.
McNeill, D. (1992). Hand and Mind. What Gestures Reveal About Thought. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Mondada, L. (2013). Interactional space and the study of embodied talk-in-interaction. In P. Auer, M. Hilpert, A. Stukenbrock & B. Szmrecsanyi (eds), Space in language and linguistics (pp. 247–275). Berlin: de Gruyter.
Müller, C. (2003). On the gestural creation of narrative structure: A case study of a story told in a conversation. In Rector, M., Poggi, I. & Trigo, N. (eds), Gestures. Meaning and use(pp. 259–265). Porto: Universidade Fernando Pessoa.
Ochs, E. & Capps, L. (2001). Living narrative. Creating lives in everyday storytelling. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Ohlhus, S. (2016). Narrative Verfahren und mediale Bedingungen. Überlegungen zur Analyse mündlicher und schriftlicher Erzählungen. In Behrens, U. &. Gätje, O. (eds),Mündliches und schriftliches Handeln im Deutschunterricht (pp. 39–65). Frankfurt a.M: Peter Lang.
Quasthoff, U. (2001): Erzählen als interaktive Gesprächsstruktur. In Brinker, K. (ed), Text- und Gesprächslinguistik(pp. 1293–1309). Bd 2. Berlin: de Gruyter.
Quasthoff, U., Heller, V., Morek, M. (2017). On the sequential organization and genre-orientation of discourse units in interaction. An analytic framework. Discourse Studies 19 (1), 84–110.
Rossmanith, N., Costall, A., Reichelt, A., .López, B. &. Reddy, V. (2014). Jointly structuring triadic spaces of meaning and action: book sharing from 3 months on. Frontiers in Psychology 5, 1–22.
Sacks, H. (1972). On the Analyzability of Stories by Children. In Gumperz, J. &. Hymes, D. (ed), Directions in sociolinguistics. The ethnography of communication(pp. 325–345). Oxford: Blackwell.
Sacks, H. (1995). Lectures on conversation. Oxford: Blackwell.
Sacks, H. & Schegloff, E.A. (2002). Home Position.Gesture2 (2), 133–146.
Selting, M. (2013): Verbal, vocal, and visual practices in conversational interaction. In Müller, C., Cienki, A., Fricke, E., Ladewig, S., McNeill, D. & Tessendorf, S. (eds), Body – language – communication 1. (pp. 589–609). Berlin: de Gruyter.
Selting, M. (2017). The display and management of affectivity in climaxes of amusing stories. Journal of Pragmatics111, 1–32.
Sidnell, J. (2006). Coordinating gesture, talk, and gaze in reenactments. Research on Language and Social Interaction39 (4), 377–409.
Stivers, T. (2008). Stance, Alignment, and Affiliation During Storytelling: When Nodding Is a Token of Affiliation. Research on Language and Social Interaction 41 (1), 31–57.
Streeck, J. (2008). Depicting by gesture. Gesture8 (3), 285–301.
Streeck, J. (2011). Gesturecraft. The manufacture of meaning. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Stukenbrock, A. (2014). Pointing to an ‘empty’ space. Deixis am Phantasma in face-to-face interaction. Journal of Pragmatics74, 70–93.
Stukenbrock, A. (2015). Deixis in der face-to-face Interaktion. Berlin: de Gruyter.
Stukenbrock, A. (2017). Intercorporeal phantasms: Kinesthetic alignment with imagined bodies in self-defense training. In Meyer, C., Streeck, J. & Jordan, S. (eds), Intercorporeality. Emerging socialities in interaction(pp. 237–263). New York: Oxford University Press.
Tarplee, C. (2010): Next turn and intersubjectivity in children's language acquisition. In Gardner, H. & Forrester, M.A. (eds), Analysing interactions in childhood. Insights from conversation analysis(pp. 3–22). Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.
Thompson, S.A. & Suzuki, R. (2014). Reenactments in conversation. Gaze and recipiency. Discourse Studies16 (6), 816–846.
Uccelli, P., Demir-Lira, Ö., Rowe, M.L., Levine, S.,. Goldin-Meadow, S. (2018). Children's Early Decontextualized Talk Predicts Academic Language Proficiency in Midadolescence. In: Child Development, 1–14.
Wolf, D. & Hicks, D. (1989). The voices within narratives: The development of intertextuality in young children‘s stories. Discourse Processes12 (3), 329–351.
Published
2019-08-29
Issue
Section
Articles
How to Cite
Heller, V. (2019). Embodied displacements in young German children’s storytelling: Layering of spaces, voices and bodies. Research on Children and Social Interaction, 3(1-2), 168-195. https://doi.org/10.1558/rcsi.37311
