Re-making, Re-marking, or Re-using? Hermeneutical Strategies and Challenges in the Guhyasamaja Commentarial Literature

Authors

  • Paul G. Hackett Columbia University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1558/bsrv.31645

Keywords:

Tantra, hermeneutics, Guhyasamāja, śāstric commentary

Abstract

This paper presents a case study in the exegesis of Buddhist tantric literature by examining a segment of the corpus of Guhyasamaja literature and, in doing so, addresses both emic and etic approaches to the hermeneutics of tantric texts. On the most basic level, we discuss the mechanisms for interpreting statements within the root tantra internal to the exegetical tantric literature itself, as exemplified by Candrakirti’s ‘Brightening Lamp’ (Pradipoddyotana) commentary and the extensive sub-commentary by Bhavyakirti. On another level, however, these same exegetical moves can be viewed in terms of the ideas ‘re-use’ and reformulation of the root text, and how they shape the understanding of the role and function of tantric commentary.

References

Canonical texts and collections

n.d. Guhysamaja Tantra. Sanskrit text: see Matsunaga 1978; Tibetan text: Dpal gsang ba ’dus pa zhes bya ba rgyud kyi rgyal po chen po. In Bka’ ’gyur (Snar thang). Rgyud, vol. CA, fol. 64a7–153a2; Chinese text: fú shuo yi qiè rú lái jin gang san yè zuì shàng mì mì dà jiào wáng jng. In Taisho Tripitaka. vol. XVIII, T. 885.

’Bras spungs dgon du bzhugs su gsol ba’i dpe rnying dkar chag. Beijing: Mi rigs dpe skrun khang.

Bka’ ’gyur (Snar thang). Tibet: Snar-thang Par-khang.

Bstan ’gyur (Snar thang). Tibet: Snar-thang Par-khang.

Other

Bahulkar, Shrikant. 2009. ‘Guhyasamajatantrapradipoddyotanatika Satkotivyakhya of Acarya Candrakirti’. Dhih 48: 119–156.

———. 2010a. ‘Guhyasamajatantrapradipoddyotanatika Satkotivyakhya of Acarya Candrakirti (4–6)’. Dhih 49: 105–136.

———. 2010b. ‘Guhyasamajatantrapradipoddyotanatika Satkotivyakhya of Acarya Candrakirti (7–9)’. Dhih 50: 97–130.

Bhavyakirti. Pradipoddyotanabhisamdhi-prakasika-nama-vyakhya-tika. Tibetan text: Sgron ma gsal bar byed pa’i dgongs pa rab gsal zhes bya ba bshad pa’i ti ka. In Bstan ’gyur (Snar thang). Rgyud-’grel, vol. A, fol. 1b1–338a7; vol. KI, fol. 57b5–227a3.

Bentor, Yael. 2011. ‘How did Tsong-kha-pa arrange his Sadhana of the Guhyasamaja?’. Paper presented at the XVIth Congress of the International Association of Buddhist Studies, Dharma Drum Buddhist College, Jinshan, New Taipei City, Taiwan, June 20–25, 2011. Unpublished.

Bsod-nams-rtse-mo. n.d. [1968]. Rgyud sde spyi’i rnam par gzhag pa. In The Complete Works of Bsod Nams Rtse Mo. vol. 2, p. 1-1-1. Tokyo: Toyo Bunko.

Bu-ston Rin-chen-grub. n.d. [1965–1971]. sgron ma gsal bar byed pa’i bshad sbyar mtha’ drug rab tu gsal bar byed pa zhes bya ba. In The Collected Works of Bu-ston, vol. Ta, fol. 1–271. New Delhi : International Academy of Indian Culture.

Campbell, John. 2009. ‘Vajra hermeneutics: A study of Vajrayana scholasticism in the Pradipoddyotana’. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Columbia University.

Candrakirti. Pradipoddyotana-nama-tika. Sanskrit text: see Bahulkar 2009; Tibetan text: Sgron ma gsal bar byed pa zhes bya ba’i rgya cher bshad pa. In Bstan ’gyur (Snar thang). Rgyud-’grel, vol. SA, fol. 1b1–224b2.

Davidson, Ronald M. 2002. Indian Esoteric Buddhism. New York: Columbia University Press.

Dol-po-pa Shes-rab-rgyal-mtshan. n.d. [1976]. Ri chos nges don rgya mtsho. Gangtok, Sikkim, India: Dodrup Sangyey Lama.

Dreyfus, Georges B. J. 1997. Recognizing Reality: Dharmakirti’s Philosophy and its Tibetan Interpretations. Albany: State University of New York Press.

Greg, W. W. 1950/1951. ‘The Rationale of Copy-text’. Studies in Bibliography 3: 19–36.

His Holiness the Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso. 1984. ‘Union of the Old and New Translation Schools’. In Kindness, Clarity, and Insight. Edited and Translated by J. Hopkins, 200–224. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion Publications.

Hackett, Paul G. 2014. ‘On the construction of a Sadhana from a root Tantra: A case study in the Guhyasamaja system’. Paper presented at the Evolution of Tantric Ritual Conference, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, March 14–16, 2014. Unpublished.

———. 2015. ‘On the epistemological basis of the distinction between Sautrantika and Cittamatra in Tsong-kha-pa’s Legs bshad snying po’. In In Vimalakirti’s House: A Festschrift in Honor of Robert A. F. Thurman on the Occasion of his 70th Birthday, edited by C. K. Wedemeyer, J. D. Dunne, and T. F. Yarnall, 342–373. New York: American Institute of Buddhist Studies.

Hopkins, P. Jeffrey. 1999. Emptiness in the Mind-Only School of Buddhism. Berkeley: University of California Press.

———. 2006. Mountain Doctrine. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion Publications.

Kenny, Anthony. 2007. Philosophy in the Modern World. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Matsunaga, Yukei. 1978. The Guhysamaja Tantra: A New Critical Edition. Osaka: Toho Shuppan.

Monier-Williams, Monier. 1899. A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Steinkellner, Ernst. 1978. ‘Remarks on Tantristic hermeneutics’. In Proceedings of the Csoma De Korös Memorial Symposium, edited by L. Ligeti, 445–458. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó.

———. 2014. ‘Keynote Address’. XVIIth Congress of the International Association of Buddhist Studies, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, August, 18–23, 2014.

Tomabechi, Toru. 1999. ‘Selected Tantra fragments from Tabo monastery’. In Tabo Studies II: Manuscripts, Texts, Inscriptions, and the Arts, edited by C.A. Scherrer-Schaub and E. Steinkellner, 55–98. Rome: Is.I.A.O.

Thurman, Robert A.F. 1984. Tsong Khapa’s Speech of Gold in the Essence of True Eloquence. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

———. 1988. ‘Vajra Hermeneutics’. In Buddhist Hermeneutics, edited by D. Lopez, 119–148. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

Tubb, Gary A. and Emery R. Boose. 2007. Scholastic Sanskrit. New York: American Institute of Buddhist Studies.

Tucci, Giuseppe. 1934-35. ‘Some glosses upon the Guhyasamaja’. Mélanges Chinois et Bouddhiques 3: 339–353.

Wayman, Alex. 1977. Yoga of the Guhyasamaja Tantra. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.

Wedemeyer, Christian K. 2006. ‘Tantalising traces of the labours of the Lotsawas: alternative translations of Sanskrit sources in the writings of Rje Tsong kha pa.’ In Tibetan Buddhist Literature and Praxis: Studies in its Formative Period, 900–1400 / PIATS 2003: Tibetan Studies: Proceedings of the Tenth Seminar of the International Association for Tibetan Studies, Oxford, 2003, edited by Ronald M. Davidson and Christian K. Wedemeyer, 149–182. Leiden: Brill.

Downloads

Published

2017-01-20

Issue

Section

Reuse in Buddhist Canonical Texts

How to Cite

Hackett, P. G. (2017). Re-making, Re-marking, or Re-using? Hermeneutical Strategies and Challenges in the Guhyasamaja Commentarial Literature. Buddhist Studies Review, 33(1-2), 163-179. https://doi.org/10.1558/bsrv.31645