Essays in the Philosophy of Humanism, Vol 22, No 2 (2014)

Santayana and His "Hero"

Daniel Spiro
Issued Date: 17 Apr 2015

Abstract


The philosophy of George Santayana is best considered as a complement to that of Spinoza, to whom Santayana once referred as his “hero.” Like Spinoza, Santayana refused to accept any God steeped in revelation or mythology, yet he appreciated Spinoza’s wisdom in reclaiming the name of God non-anthropomorphically. For Santayana, God symbolizes a single “omnificent” natural power that transcends human understanding. Santayana went beyond his hero by striving to love not merely the real but also the ideal. We should view people and things in their greatest possible beauty, and love them with depth and passion.

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DOI: 10.1558/eph.v22i2.26141

References


Santayana, George. 1905. Reason in Common Sense. New York, Charles Scribner’s Sons.


———. 1910. “Introduction.” In Spinoza’s Ethics and De intellectus emendatione. Translated by Andrew Boyle, vii–xxii. London: Dent.


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———. 1936. The Last Puritan. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.


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———. 1996. Ultimate Religion. Paper delivered at the Hague, 1932, and republished in Classic American Philosophers, edited by Max H. Fisch. New York: Fordham University Press.


Singer, Irving. 2000. George Santayana, Literary Philosopher. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300080377.001.0001


Spinoza, Baruch.1955. The Ethics. Unabridged Elwes Translation. New York: Dover Publications


Woodward, Anthony. 1988. Living in the Eternal: A Study of George Santayana. Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press.


Yovel, Yirmiyahu. 1989. Spinoza and Other Heretics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.


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