Changes in Agrammatic Conversational Speech over a 20 Year Period – From Single Word Turns to Grammatical Constructions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1558/jircd.v2i1.29Keywords:
Broca’s aphasia, agrammatism, grammatical constructions, verbs, conversation, narrative-in-interaction, recoveryAbstract
Surprisingly little is known about long-term changes, adaptation and recovery in aphasia. The objective of the study was to examine the changes in the picture of agrammatism over a 20 years period post stroke. The subject of this study was a male person JS with Broca’s aphasia. During the follow-up, we investigated the development of lexicon and grammatical constructions in conversation, especially in story telling. In addition, JS was assessed with the WAB four times during the follow-up. The conversational data were collected from informal conversations. The sample of 200 consecutive words was extracted from the beginning of the each conversation sample to compare the possible changes in the proportion and use of word classes. JS’s WAB scores showed only minor changes during the follow-up period but the percentage of verbs used grew from 8% to 19%. JS had been clearly able to develop his conversational and story-telling skills.
References
Bastiaanse, R. and Jonkers, R. (1998). Verb retrieval in action naming and spontaneous speech in agrammatic and anomic aphasia. Aphasiology 12 (11): 951?969. doi:10.1080/02687039808249463
Beeke, S., Maxim, J. and Wilkinson, R. (2005). Temporal events and reference in aphasia: A comparison of talking and test performance. Brain and Language 95: 113?114. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2005.07.061
Beeke, S., Wilkinson, R. and Maxim, J. (2007a). Grammar without sentence structure: A conversation analytic investigation of agrammatism. Aphasiology 21 (3/4): 256?282. doi: 10.1080/02687030600911344
Beeke, S., Wilkinson, R. and Maxim, J. (2007b). Individual variation in agrammatism: A single case study of the influence of interaction. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders 42 (6): 629?647. doi:10.1080/13682820601160087
Connor, L., Spiro, A., Obler, L. and Albert, M. (2004). Change in object naming ability during adulthood. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences 59B: 203?209. doi:10.1093/geronb/59.5.P203
Drew, P. and Curl, T. (2008). Conversation analysis. In V. Bhatia, J. Flowerdew and R. Jones (eds) Advances in Discourse Studies, 22-35. London: Routledge.
Goodwin, C. and Heritage, J. (1990). Conversation analysis. Annual Review of Anthropology 19: 283?307. doi:10.1146/annurev.an.19.100190.001435
Goodwin, C. (2003). Introduction. In C. Goodwin (ed.) Conversation and Brain Damage, 3?20. New York: Oxford University Press.
Hakulinen, A., Vilkuna, M., Korhonen, R., Koivisto, V., Heinonen, T. R. and Alho, I. (2004). Iso suomen kielioppi [Comprehensive Finnish grammar]. Finnish Literature Society. Hameenlinna: Karisto.
Hanson, W., Metter, E. J. and Riege, W. (1989). The course of chronic aphasia. Aphasiology 3: 19?29. doi:10.1080/02687038908248973
Helasvuo, M.-L. (2001). Syntax in the Making. The Emergence of Syntactic Units in Finnish Conversation. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Helasvuo, M-L., Klippi, A. and Laakso, M. (2001). Grammatical structuring in Broca’s and Wernicke’s aphasia in Finnish. Journal of Neurolinguistics 14 (2?4): 231–254. doi:10.1016/S0911-6044(01)00016-1
Heeschen, C. and Schegloff, A. (2003). Aphasic agrammatism as interactional artifact and achievement. In C. Goodwin (ed.) Conversation and Brain Damage, 231?282. New York: Oxford University Press.
Hengst, J., Frame, S., Neuman-Strizel, T. and Gannaway, R. (2005). Using other’s words: Conversational use of reported speech by individuals with aphasia and their communication partners. Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research 48: 137?156. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2005/011)
Holt, E. (1996). Reporting on talk: The use of direct reported speech in conversation. Research on Language and Social Interaction 29 (3): 219?245. doi:10.1207/s15327973rlsi2903_2
Kertesz, A. (1982). The Western Aphasia Battery. Test manual. New York: Grune and Stratton.
Klippi, A. (1996). Conversation as an Achievement in Aphasics. Studia Fennica Linguistica 6. The Finnish Literature Society.
Klippi, A. (2003). Collaborating in aphasic group conversation: Striving for mutual understanding. In C. Goodwin (ed.) Conversation and Brain Damage, 117?143. New York: Oxford University Press.
Klippi, A. and Ahopalo, L. (2008). The interplay between verbal and nonverbal behaviors in aphasic word search in conversation. In A. Klippi and K. Launonen (eds) Research in Logopedics. Speech and Language Therapy in Finland, 146?171. (M. Muller and M. J. Ball (serial eds). Communication Disorders Across Languages.) Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Kolk, H. and Heeschen, C. (1990). Adaptation symptoms and impairment symptoms in Broca’s aphasia. Aphasiology 4 (3): 221?231. doi:10.1080/02687039008249075
Leiwo, M. and Klippi, A. (2000). Lexical repetition as a communicative strategy in Broca’s aphasia. Aphasiology 2: 203?223. doi:10.1080/026870300401559
Mandelbaum, J. (2003). How to ‘do things’ with narrative: A communication perspective on narrative skill. In J. O. Green and B. R. Burleson (eds) Handbook of Communication and Social Interaction Skills, 595?633. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Marshall, J., Pring, T. and Chiat, S. (1998). Verb retrieval and sentence production in aphasia. Brain and Language 63 (2): 159?183. doi:10.1006/brln.1998.1949
Mazzoni, M., Vista, L., Pardossi, L., Avila, F., Bianchi, F. and Moretti, P. (1992). Spontaneous evolution of aphasia after ischemic stroke. Aphasiology 6 (4): 387?396. doi: 10.1080/02687039208248609
Menn. L. and Obler, L. (1990). Agrammatic Aphasia – A Cross-Language Narrative Sourcebook. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Moses, M., Nickels, L. and Sheard, C. (2007). Chips, cheeks and carols: A review of recurrent perseveration in speech production. Aphasiology 21 (10/11): 960?974. doi:10.1080/02687030701198254
Naeser, M., Palumbo, C., Prete, M., Fitzpatrick, P., Mimura, M., Samaraweera, R. and Albert, M. (1998). Visible changes in lesion borders on CT scan after five years poststroke, and long-term recovery in aphasia. Brain and Language 62 (1): 1?28. doi:10.1006/brln.1997.1866
Pashek, G. and Holland, A. (1988). Evolution of aphasia in the first year post-onset. Cortex 24 (3): 411?423.
Penn, C. (1987). Compensation and language recovery in the chronic aphasic patient. Aphasiology 1 (3): 235?245. doi:10.1080/02687038708248840
Pitkamaki, S. (2007). Puheen tuoton muutoksia Brocan afasiassa – pitkittäistapaustutkimus 20 vuoden ajalta. (The changes of speech production – longitudinal case study over 20 years). Unpublished MA study. University of Helsinki, Department of Speech Sciences.
Routarinne, S. (2003). Tytöt äänessä. Parenteesit ja nouseva sävelkulku kertojan vuorovaikutuskeinona. (Girls talking. Parenthesis and rising intonation as narrator’s interactional devices). Helsinki: The Finnish Literature Society.
Saur, D., Lange, R., Baumgartner, A., Schraknepper, V., Willmes, K., Rijntjes, M., and Weiller, C. (2006). Dynamics of language reorganization after stroke. Brain 129 (Pt 6): 1371?1384. doi:10.1093/brain/awl090
Springer, L., Huber, W., Schlenck, K-J. and Schlenck, C. (2000). Agrammatism: Deficit or compensation? Consequences for aphasia therapy. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation 10 (3): 279?309. doi:10.1080/096020100389165
Sorjonen, M-L. (1996). On repeats and responses in Finnish conversations. In E. Ochs, E. A. Schegloff and S. A. Thompson (eds) Interaction and Grammar, 277?327. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Sorjonen, M-L. (2001). Responding in Conversation. A study of response particles in Finnish. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Sorjonen, M.-L. and Laakso, M. (2005) Katko vai eiku? Itsekorjauksen aloitustavat ja vuorovaikutustehtavat. Virittäjä 2: 244?271.
Thompson, S. A. and Hopper, P. J. (2001). Transitivity, clause structure, and argument structure: Evidence from conversation. In: J. Bybee and P. Hopper (eds) Frequency and the Emergence of Linguistic Structure, 27?60. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Ulatowska, H., Bond Chapman, S., Petterson Higley, A. and Prince, J. (1998). Discourse in healthy old-elderly adults: a longitudinal study. Aphasiology 12 (7?8): 619?633. doi: 10.1080/02687039808249562
Wingfield, A. (2000). Speech perception and the comprehension of spoken language in adult aging. In D. Park and N. Schwarz (eds) Cognitive Aging: A Primer, 175?195. Philadelphia, PA: Psychology Press.
Wilkinson, R., Beeke, S. and Maxim, J. (2003). Adapting to conversation: on the use of linguistic resources by speakers with fluent aphasia in the construction of turns at talk. In C. Goodwin (ed.) Conversation and Brain Damage, 59?89. New York: Oxford University Press.
Wilkinson, R., Gower, M., Beeke, S. and Maxim, J. (2007). Adapting to conversation as a language-impaired speaker: Changes in aphasic turn construction over time. Communication and Medicine 4 (1): 79?97. doi:10.1515/CAM.2007.009
Wahrborg, P., Borenstein, P., Linell, S., Hedberg-Borenstein, E. and Asking, M. (1997). Tenyear follow-up of young aphasic participants in a 34-week course at a folk high school. Aphasiology 11 (7): 709?715. doi:10.1080/02687039708249417
Beeke, S., Maxim, J. and Wilkinson, R. (2005). Temporal events and reference in aphasia: A comparison of talking and test performance. Brain and Language 95: 113?114. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2005.07.061
Beeke, S., Wilkinson, R. and Maxim, J. (2007a). Grammar without sentence structure: A conversation analytic investigation of agrammatism. Aphasiology 21 (3/4): 256?282. doi: 10.1080/02687030600911344
Beeke, S., Wilkinson, R. and Maxim, J. (2007b). Individual variation in agrammatism: A single case study of the influence of interaction. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders 42 (6): 629?647. doi:10.1080/13682820601160087
Connor, L., Spiro, A., Obler, L. and Albert, M. (2004). Change in object naming ability during adulthood. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences 59B: 203?209. doi:10.1093/geronb/59.5.P203
Drew, P. and Curl, T. (2008). Conversation analysis. In V. Bhatia, J. Flowerdew and R. Jones (eds) Advances in Discourse Studies, 22-35. London: Routledge.
Goodwin, C. and Heritage, J. (1990). Conversation analysis. Annual Review of Anthropology 19: 283?307. doi:10.1146/annurev.an.19.100190.001435
Goodwin, C. (2003). Introduction. In C. Goodwin (ed.) Conversation and Brain Damage, 3?20. New York: Oxford University Press.
Hakulinen, A., Vilkuna, M., Korhonen, R., Koivisto, V., Heinonen, T. R. and Alho, I. (2004). Iso suomen kielioppi [Comprehensive Finnish grammar]. Finnish Literature Society. Hameenlinna: Karisto.
Hanson, W., Metter, E. J. and Riege, W. (1989). The course of chronic aphasia. Aphasiology 3: 19?29. doi:10.1080/02687038908248973
Helasvuo, M.-L. (2001). Syntax in the Making. The Emergence of Syntactic Units in Finnish Conversation. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Helasvuo, M-L., Klippi, A. and Laakso, M. (2001). Grammatical structuring in Broca’s and Wernicke’s aphasia in Finnish. Journal of Neurolinguistics 14 (2?4): 231–254. doi:10.1016/S0911-6044(01)00016-1
Heeschen, C. and Schegloff, A. (2003). Aphasic agrammatism as interactional artifact and achievement. In C. Goodwin (ed.) Conversation and Brain Damage, 231?282. New York: Oxford University Press.
Hengst, J., Frame, S., Neuman-Strizel, T. and Gannaway, R. (2005). Using other’s words: Conversational use of reported speech by individuals with aphasia and their communication partners. Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research 48: 137?156. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2005/011)
Holt, E. (1996). Reporting on talk: The use of direct reported speech in conversation. Research on Language and Social Interaction 29 (3): 219?245. doi:10.1207/s15327973rlsi2903_2
Kertesz, A. (1982). The Western Aphasia Battery. Test manual. New York: Grune and Stratton.
Klippi, A. (1996). Conversation as an Achievement in Aphasics. Studia Fennica Linguistica 6. The Finnish Literature Society.
Klippi, A. (2003). Collaborating in aphasic group conversation: Striving for mutual understanding. In C. Goodwin (ed.) Conversation and Brain Damage, 117?143. New York: Oxford University Press.
Klippi, A. and Ahopalo, L. (2008). The interplay between verbal and nonverbal behaviors in aphasic word search in conversation. In A. Klippi and K. Launonen (eds) Research in Logopedics. Speech and Language Therapy in Finland, 146?171. (M. Muller and M. J. Ball (serial eds). Communication Disorders Across Languages.) Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Kolk, H. and Heeschen, C. (1990). Adaptation symptoms and impairment symptoms in Broca’s aphasia. Aphasiology 4 (3): 221?231. doi:10.1080/02687039008249075
Leiwo, M. and Klippi, A. (2000). Lexical repetition as a communicative strategy in Broca’s aphasia. Aphasiology 2: 203?223. doi:10.1080/026870300401559
Mandelbaum, J. (2003). How to ‘do things’ with narrative: A communication perspective on narrative skill. In J. O. Green and B. R. Burleson (eds) Handbook of Communication and Social Interaction Skills, 595?633. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Marshall, J., Pring, T. and Chiat, S. (1998). Verb retrieval and sentence production in aphasia. Brain and Language 63 (2): 159?183. doi:10.1006/brln.1998.1949
Mazzoni, M., Vista, L., Pardossi, L., Avila, F., Bianchi, F. and Moretti, P. (1992). Spontaneous evolution of aphasia after ischemic stroke. Aphasiology 6 (4): 387?396. doi: 10.1080/02687039208248609
Menn. L. and Obler, L. (1990). Agrammatic Aphasia – A Cross-Language Narrative Sourcebook. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Moses, M., Nickels, L. and Sheard, C. (2007). Chips, cheeks and carols: A review of recurrent perseveration in speech production. Aphasiology 21 (10/11): 960?974. doi:10.1080/02687030701198254
Naeser, M., Palumbo, C., Prete, M., Fitzpatrick, P., Mimura, M., Samaraweera, R. and Albert, M. (1998). Visible changes in lesion borders on CT scan after five years poststroke, and long-term recovery in aphasia. Brain and Language 62 (1): 1?28. doi:10.1006/brln.1997.1866
Pashek, G. and Holland, A. (1988). Evolution of aphasia in the first year post-onset. Cortex 24 (3): 411?423.
Penn, C. (1987). Compensation and language recovery in the chronic aphasic patient. Aphasiology 1 (3): 235?245. doi:10.1080/02687038708248840
Pitkamaki, S. (2007). Puheen tuoton muutoksia Brocan afasiassa – pitkittäistapaustutkimus 20 vuoden ajalta. (The changes of speech production – longitudinal case study over 20 years). Unpublished MA study. University of Helsinki, Department of Speech Sciences.
Routarinne, S. (2003). Tytöt äänessä. Parenteesit ja nouseva sävelkulku kertojan vuorovaikutuskeinona. (Girls talking. Parenthesis and rising intonation as narrator’s interactional devices). Helsinki: The Finnish Literature Society.
Saur, D., Lange, R., Baumgartner, A., Schraknepper, V., Willmes, K., Rijntjes, M., and Weiller, C. (2006). Dynamics of language reorganization after stroke. Brain 129 (Pt 6): 1371?1384. doi:10.1093/brain/awl090
Springer, L., Huber, W., Schlenck, K-J. and Schlenck, C. (2000). Agrammatism: Deficit or compensation? Consequences for aphasia therapy. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation 10 (3): 279?309. doi:10.1080/096020100389165
Sorjonen, M-L. (1996). On repeats and responses in Finnish conversations. In E. Ochs, E. A. Schegloff and S. A. Thompson (eds) Interaction and Grammar, 277?327. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Sorjonen, M-L. (2001). Responding in Conversation. A study of response particles in Finnish. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Sorjonen, M.-L. and Laakso, M. (2005) Katko vai eiku? Itsekorjauksen aloitustavat ja vuorovaikutustehtavat. Virittäjä 2: 244?271.
Thompson, S. A. and Hopper, P. J. (2001). Transitivity, clause structure, and argument structure: Evidence from conversation. In: J. Bybee and P. Hopper (eds) Frequency and the Emergence of Linguistic Structure, 27?60. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Ulatowska, H., Bond Chapman, S., Petterson Higley, A. and Prince, J. (1998). Discourse in healthy old-elderly adults: a longitudinal study. Aphasiology 12 (7?8): 619?633. doi: 10.1080/02687039808249562
Wingfield, A. (2000). Speech perception and the comprehension of spoken language in adult aging. In D. Park and N. Schwarz (eds) Cognitive Aging: A Primer, 175?195. Philadelphia, PA: Psychology Press.
Wilkinson, R., Beeke, S. and Maxim, J. (2003). Adapting to conversation: on the use of linguistic resources by speakers with fluent aphasia in the construction of turns at talk. In C. Goodwin (ed.) Conversation and Brain Damage, 59?89. New York: Oxford University Press.
Wilkinson, R., Gower, M., Beeke, S. and Maxim, J. (2007). Adapting to conversation as a language-impaired speaker: Changes in aphasic turn construction over time. Communication and Medicine 4 (1): 79?97. doi:10.1515/CAM.2007.009
Wahrborg, P., Borenstein, P., Linell, S., Hedberg-Borenstein, E. and Asking, M. (1997). Tenyear follow-up of young aphasic participants in a 34-week course at a folk high school. Aphasiology 11 (7): 709?715. doi:10.1080/02687039708249417
Published
2011-07-29
Issue
Section
Articles
How to Cite
Klippi, A., & Helasvuo, M.-L. (2011). Changes in Agrammatic Conversational Speech over a 20 Year Period – From Single Word Turns to Grammatical Constructions. Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders, 2(1), 29-59. https://doi.org/10.1558/jircd.v2i1.29
