Recipient gaze and the resolution of overlapping talk in hearing impaired interaction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1558/jircd.v4i1.71Keywords:
conversation analysis, hearing impairment, overlapping talk, interruptionAbstract
This paper presents findings from a larger conversation analysis study of interactional management by adults with severe or profound acquired hearing impairment and their experienced communication partners. As in most interaction, overlapping talk occurs in interactions involving people with hearing impairment. However, both the initiation and the resolution of overlapping talk in these interactions may be determined by the availability (or non-availability) of the gaze and potential recipiency of the hearing-impaired co-participant. Experienced non-hearing-impaired interactional partners can be seen to drop quickly out of problematic overlap in the absence of their hearing impaired co-participant’s gaze. Only in the presence of co-participant gaze will these partners compete for the turn. Similarly, collaborative overlapping talk by these partners is initiated only in the presence of the co-participant’s gaze and potential recipiency. By responding in this way to the presence and absence of their hearing-impaired co-participants’ gaze, these partners maximise recipiency for their own talk and thereby minimise repairable problems of understanding, even if this means risking the loss of their own contributions.
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Tye-Murray, N. and Witt, S. (1996). Conversational moves and conversational styles of adult cochlear-implant users. Journal of the Academy of Rehabilitative Audiology 29: 11–25.
Caissie, R., Dawe, A., Donovan, C., Brooks, H. and MacDonald, S. (1998). Conversational performance of adults with a hearing loss. Journal of the Academy of Rehabilitative Audiology 31: 45–67.
Egbert, M. and Deppermann, A. (eds) (2012). Hearing Aids Communication: Integrating Social Interaction, Audiology and User Centered Design to Improve Communication with Hearing Loss and Hearing Technologies. Mannheim: Verlag für Gesprächsforschung.
Drummond, K. (1989). A backward glance at interruptions. Western Journal of Speech Communication 53 (Spring): 150–166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10570318909374297
French, P. and Local, J. (1983). Turn-competitive incomings. Journal of Pragmatics 7 (1): 17–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-2166(83)90147-9
French, P. and Local, J. (1986). Prosodic features and the management of interruptions. In C. Johns-Lewis (ed.), Intonation in Discourse, 157–181. London: Croom Helm.
Haddington, P. (2006). The organization of gaze and assessments as resources for stance taking. Text &Talk 26 (3): 281–328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/TEXT.2006.012
Jefferson, G. (1983a). Two explorations of the organization of overlapping talk in conversation 2: On a failed hypothesis: ‘Conjunctionals’ as overlap-vulnerable. Tilburg Papers in Language and Literature 28.
Jefferson, G. (1983b). Two explorations of the organization of overlapping talk in Conversation 1: Notes on some orderlinesses of overlap onset. Tilburg Papers in Language and Literature 28.
Jefferson, G. (1986). Notes on ‘latency’ in overlap onset. Human Studies 9 (2/3): 153–183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00148125
Jefferson, G. (2004). A sketch of some orderly aspects of overlap in natural conversation. In G. Lerner (ed.), Conversation Analysis: Studies from the First Generation, 43–59. Amsterdam/Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Lerner, G. (1989). Notes on overlap management in conversation: The case of delayed completion. Western Journal of Speech Communication 53 (Spring): 167–177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10570318909374298
Lerner, G. (1996) On the ‘semi-permeable’ character of grammatical units in conversation: Conditional entry into the turn space of another speaker. In E. Ochs, E. Schegloff and S. Thompson (eds), Interaction and Grammar, 238–276. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lerner, G. (2002). Turn-sharing: The choral co-production of talk-in-interaction. In C. Ford, B. Fox and S. Thompson (eds) The Language of Turn and Sequence, 225–256. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Lind, C. and Palmer, C. (eds) (2010) Conversation and adult acquired hearing impairment – Special issue. Seminars in Hearing 31 (2): 75–176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1252099
Pajo, K. (2012) Difficulty to receive a spoken message due to hearing loss: Analysis of a private interaction between two sisters at a coffee table. In M. Egbert and A. Deppermann (eds) Hearing Aids Communication: Integrating Social Interaction, Audiology and User Centered Design to Improve Communication with Hearing Loss and Hearing Technologies, 67–75. Mannheim: Verlag für Gesprächsforschung.
Preminger, J. and Lind, C. (2012). Assisting communication partners in the setting of treatment goals: The development of the goal sharing for partners’ strategy. Seminars in Hearing 33 (1): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1304728
Sacks, H., Schegloff, E. A. and Jefferson, G. (1974). A simplest systematics for the organization of turn-taking for conversation. Language 50 (4): 696–735. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/412243
Schegloff, E. A. (2000). Overlapping talk and the organization of turn-taking for conversation. Language in Society 29 (1): 1–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0047404500001019
Skelt, L. (2006). See what I mean: Hearing loss, gaze and repair in conversation. Unpublished PhD thesis. Canberra, Australia: The Australian National University.
Skelt, L. (2007). Damage control: Closing problematic sequences in hearing impaired interaction. Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 30 (3): 34.1–34.5.
Skelt, L. (2010). ‘Are you looking at me?’ The influence of gaze on frequent communication partners’ management of interaction with adults with acquired hearing impairment. In C. Lind and C. Palmer (eds) Conversation and adult acquired hearing impairment – Special issue. Seminars in Hearing 31 (2): 116–126.
Skelt, L. (2012). Dealing with misunderstandings: The sensitivity of repair in hearing impaired conversation. In M. Egbert and A. Deppermann (eds.) Hearing Aids Communication: Integrating Social Interaction, Audiology and User Centered Design to Improve Communication with Hearing Loss and Hearing Technologies, 56–66. Mannheim: Verlag für Gesprächsforschung.
Tye-Murray, N. and Witt, S. (1996). Conversational moves and conversational styles of adult cochlear-implant users. Journal of the Academy of Rehabilitative Audiology 29: 11–25.
Published
2013-06-20
Issue
Section
Articles
How to Cite
Skelt, L. (2013). Recipient gaze and the resolution of overlapping talk in hearing impaired interaction. Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders, 4(1), 71-94. https://doi.org/10.1558/jircd.v4i1.71
