Frey, God of the World
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1558/pome.v13i10.24Keywords:
Neo-paganism, Norse religionAbstract
Early scholars sought fertility gods in every pantheon, but I believe that the limited "fertility god" concept now contributes to a distorted view of Frey.References
Bede. Ecclesiastical History of the English People; with Bede’s Letter to Egbert and Cuthbert’s Letter on the Death of Bede. Trans. Leo Sherley-Price, R.E. Latham, and D.H. Farmer. London: Penguin, 1990.
“Egil’s Saga.” Trans. Bernard Scudder. The Sagas of Icelanders. New York: Viking Penguin, 2000. 3- 184.
Ellis, Hilda Roderick. The Road to Hel: A Study of the Conception of the Dead in Old Norse Literature. New York: Greenwood, 1968.
Ellis Davidson, Hilda. The Lost Beliefs of Northern Europe. New York: Routledge, 1993.
–—– . “Milk and the Northern Goddess.” The Concept of the Goddess. Ed. Sandra Billington and Miranda Green. New York: Routledge, 1996. 91-106.
–—– . Myths and Symbols in Pagan Europe: Early Scandinavian and Celtic Religions. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse UP, 1988.
Landnámabók (=The Book of Settlements: Landnámabok). Trans. Hermann Pálsson and Paul Edwards. Manitoba: U Manitoba P, 1972.
Page, R.I. Chronicles of the Vikings: Records, Memorials and Myths. London: British Museum, 1995.
The Poetic Edda. Trans. Carolyne Larrington. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1996.
The Saga of Gisli the Outlaw. Trans. George Johnston. Toronto: U Toronto P, 1963.
“The Saga of Hrafnkel Frey’s Godi.” Trans. Terry Gunnell. The Sagas of Icelanders. New York: Viking Penguin, 2000. 436-462.
Saxo Grammaticus. The History of the Danes, Books I-IX. Trans. Peter Fisher. Woodbridge, Suffolk: D.S. Brewer, 1980.
Simek, Rudolf. Dictionary of Northern Mythology. Trans. Angela Hall. Woodbridge, Suffolk: D.S. Brewer, 1993.
Snorri Sturluson. Edda. Trans. Anthony Faulkes. London: J.M. Dent & Sons, 1987.
–—– . Heimskringla, or The Lives of the Norse Kings. Transl. Erling Monsen. New York: Dover, 1990. Contains “Ynglinga saga,” among others.
Tacitus. The Agricola and the Germania. Trans. H. Mattingly. Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin, 1970.
The Vatnsdalers’ Saga. Trans. Gwyn Jones. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1944.
Viga-Glums Saga, with the Tales of Ögmund Bash and Thorvald Chatterbox. Trans. John McKinnell. Edinburgh: Canongate, 1987.
“Egil’s Saga.” Trans. Bernard Scudder. The Sagas of Icelanders. New York: Viking Penguin, 2000. 3- 184.
Ellis, Hilda Roderick. The Road to Hel: A Study of the Conception of the Dead in Old Norse Literature. New York: Greenwood, 1968.
Ellis Davidson, Hilda. The Lost Beliefs of Northern Europe. New York: Routledge, 1993.
–—– . “Milk and the Northern Goddess.” The Concept of the Goddess. Ed. Sandra Billington and Miranda Green. New York: Routledge, 1996. 91-106.
–—– . Myths and Symbols in Pagan Europe: Early Scandinavian and Celtic Religions. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse UP, 1988.
Landnámabók (=The Book of Settlements: Landnámabok). Trans. Hermann Pálsson and Paul Edwards. Manitoba: U Manitoba P, 1972.
Page, R.I. Chronicles of the Vikings: Records, Memorials and Myths. London: British Museum, 1995.
The Poetic Edda. Trans. Carolyne Larrington. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1996.
The Saga of Gisli the Outlaw. Trans. George Johnston. Toronto: U Toronto P, 1963.
“The Saga of Hrafnkel Frey’s Godi.” Trans. Terry Gunnell. The Sagas of Icelanders. New York: Viking Penguin, 2000. 436-462.
Saxo Grammaticus. The History of the Danes, Books I-IX. Trans. Peter Fisher. Woodbridge, Suffolk: D.S. Brewer, 1980.
Simek, Rudolf. Dictionary of Northern Mythology. Trans. Angela Hall. Woodbridge, Suffolk: D.S. Brewer, 1993.
Snorri Sturluson. Edda. Trans. Anthony Faulkes. London: J.M. Dent & Sons, 1987.
–—– . Heimskringla, or The Lives of the Norse Kings. Transl. Erling Monsen. New York: Dover, 1990. Contains “Ynglinga saga,” among others.
Tacitus. The Agricola and the Germania. Trans. H. Mattingly. Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin, 1970.
The Vatnsdalers’ Saga. Trans. Gwyn Jones. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1944.
Viga-Glums Saga, with the Tales of Ögmund Bash and Thorvald Chatterbox. Trans. John McKinnell. Edinburgh: Canongate, 1987.
Published
2001-05-01
Issue
Section
Articles
How to Cite
Sheffield, A. G. (2001). Frey, God of the World. Pomegranate, 16(Spring), 24-35. https://doi.org/10.1558/pome.v13i10.24
