The socio-communicative function of two discourse markers in Spanish

Authors

  • María José Serrano Universidad de La Laguna Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1558/sols.v2i1.101

Keywords:

sociolinguistics, discourse markers, discourse analysis, Spanish

Abstract

In this article I present an analysis of the discourse markers la verdad -’the truth’- and pues -‘well’- in everyday Spanish conversation from a corpus of 32 native speakers selected by random sample from the metropolitan area of Madrid (Spain). Results show that these markers convey coordinative properties during conversation as well as social and expressive meaning. My research indicates that sex is the most salient group factor which may be related to assertiveness and to the expression of causality-opposition in coherence and negotiating options. It is also worth of being remarked that gender is correlated with sociocultural levels (the lower to la verdad and the higher to pues) suggesting that men and women differ in their socio-communicative behaviour and that this would be due to both the social structure of the speech community and the parameters of linguistic interaction.

References

Alarcos, E. (1994). Gramática de la Lengua Española. Madrid: Espasa-Calpe.

Caffi, C. & R. Janey (1994). “Towards a pragmatics of emotive communication”. Journal of Pragmatics 22, 325-73.

Coulthard, M. (1992). Advances in spoken discourse analysis. London: Routledge.

Dahl, O. (1995). “I Och för Sig-. A swedish rhetorical device”. In G. Melchers & B. Warren (eds.), Studies in Anglistics. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International, 109-14.

Dubois, S. & B. Horvath (1992). “Interviewer's linguistic production and its effect on speaker's descriptive style”. Language Variation and Change 4, 125-35.

Erman, B. (1992). “Female and male usage of pragmatic expressions in same-sex and mixed-sex interaction”. Language Variation and Change 4, 217-34.

Firth, A. (1995). “'Accounts' in negotiation discourse: a single-case analysis”. Journal of Pragmatics 23, 199-256.

Green, G, & J. Morgan (1981). “Pragmatics, grammar and discourse”. In P. Cole (ed.), Radical Pragmatics. New York: Academic Press, 167-81.

Harris, Z. (1952). “Discourse Analysis”. Language 28, 474-94.

Heine, B., U. Claudi & F. Hünnemeyer (1991). Grammaticalization. A conceptual framework. Chicago: Chicago University Press.

Hopper, P. & E.C. Traugott (1993). Grammaticalization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Labov, W. (1972). Sociolinguistic patterns. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. [Spanish translation: (1983). Modelos sociolingüísticos. Madrid: Cátedra].

Lakoff, R. (1973). “The logic of politeness, or minding your p's and q's”. Papers from the 9th Regional Meeting, Chicago Linguistic Society: 292-305.

Levinson, J. (1989). Pragmática. Barcelona: Teide.

Lindenfeld, J. (1994). “Cognitive processes and social norms in natural discourse marketplace”. Journal of Pragmatics 22, 465-76.

Lyons, J. (1983). Lenguaje, significado y contexto. Barcelona: Paidós. [(1981). Language, meaning and context. Williams Collins Sons & Co].

Myhill, J. (1992). Typological Discourse Analysis. Cambridge: Basil Blackwell.

Nicolle, S. (1994). “In defense to relevance theory: a belated reply to Gorayska and Lindsay, and Jucker”. Journal of Pragmatics 23, 677-81.

Oliveira e Silva, G. & A. Tavares de Macedo (1992). Discourse markers in the spoken Portuguese of Rio de Janeiro. Language Variation and Change 4: 235-249.

Owen, M.L. (1983). Apologies and remedial interchanges. La Haya: Mouton de Gruyter.

Pomerantz, A. (1984). “Agreeing and disagreeing with assessments: some features of preferred/dispreferred turn shapes”. In J. Atkinson & J. Heritage (eds.), Structures of social actions: Studies in conversation analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 57-101.

Schiffrin, D. (1987). Discourse markers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Schwenter, S. (1994). “The grammaticalization of an anterior in progress: Evidence from a Peninsular Spanish dialect”. Studies in Language 18, 71-111.

Scott, M. & M. Lyman (1968). “Accounts”. American Sociological Review 33, 46-62.

Serrano, M.J. (1994a). La variación sintáctica: formas verbales del periodo hipotético en español. Madrid: Entinema.

Serrano, M.J. (1994b). “Del pretérito indefinido al pretérito perfecto: un caso de cambio y gramaticalización en el español de Canarias y Madrid”. Lingüística Española Actual 16, 37-57.

Serrano, M.J. (1995). “Sobre los usos de pretérito perfecto y pretérito indefinido en el español de Canarias: pragmática y variación”. Boletín de Filología de la Universidad de Chile XXXV, 533-66.

Serrano, M.J. (1996a). Cambio sintáctico y prestigio lingüístico. Madrid: Iberoamericana.

Serrano, M.J. (1996b). “El análisis del discurso en variación sintáctica”. Hispanic Linguistics 8, 154-77.

Serrano, M.J. (1998). “Perspectivas actuales en Sociolingüística”. Verba 25, 375-87.

Serrano, M.J. (1999a). “Nuevas perspectivas en variación sintáctica”. In M.J. Serrano (ed.), Estudios de Variación Sintáctica. Frankfurt:

Vervuert/Iberoamericana, 11-51.

Serrano, M.J. (1999b). “Bueno como marcador discursivo de contraposición: estudio sociolingüístico”. International Journal of Sociology of Language 140, 91-109.

Stubbs, M. (1987). Análisis del Discurso. Análisis sociolingüístico del lenguaje natural. Madrid: Alianza. [(1983). Discourse Analysis. The Sociolinguistic Analysis of Natural Language. Basil Blackwell].

Tannen, D. (1993). Framing in Discourse. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Traugott, E. (1993). Grammaticalization. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins.

Traugott, E. & B. Heine (eds.) (1991). Approaches to grammaticalization. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins.

Tyler, A. (1994). “The role of repetition in perceptions of discourse coherence”. Journal of Pragmatics 21, 671-88.

van Dijk, T.A. (1980a). Estructura y funciones del discurso. Mexico: Siglo XXI Editores.

van Dijk, T.A. (1980b). Texto y contexto. Semántica y pragmática del discurso. Madrid: Cátedra. [(1977). Text and Context: Explorations in the semantics and pragmatics of discourse. London: Longman].

Vincent, D. & D. Sankoff (1992). “Punctors: a pragmatic variable”. Language Variation and Change 4, 205-16.

von Savigny, E. (1988). The social foundation of meaning. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.

Watts, R.J. (1992). “Acquiring status in conversation: ‘male’ and ‘female’ discourse strategies”. Journal of Pragmatics 18, 467-503.

Published

2001-04-01

How to Cite

Serrano, M. J. (2001). The socio-communicative function of two discourse markers in Spanish. Sociolinguistic Studies, 2(1), 101-122. https://doi.org/10.1558/sols.v2i1.101