Darija in the Moroccan press
The case of the magazine Nichane
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1558/sols.35567Keywords:
Darija, Nichane, Morocco, diglossia, Modern Standard ArabicAbstract
Darija, the Arabic colloquial of Morocco, and basically a spoken language, has gone through major emancipation processes since 2002. An illustration of this process is the magazine Nichane that appeared between September 2006 and September 2010 and that published articles in different measures in written Darija. This article presents an analysis of Darija as it is used in the magazine, relating the results to the current emancipation processes of this same language.
References
Benchemsi, A. (2010) Nichane, une belle aventure. TelQuel 442: 18–23.
Benítez Fernández, M. (2010) La política lingüística contemporánea de Marruecos: De la arabización a la aceptación del multilingüismo. Zaragoza: IEIOP.
Blommaert, J. (2013) Ethnography, Superdiversity and Linguistic Landscapes: Chronicles of Complexity. Bristol: Multilingual Matters. Doi: https://doi.org/10.21832/9781783090419.
Caubet, D. (2006) Génération Darija! Estudios de Dialectología Norteafricana y Andalusí 9: 233–243.
Caubet, D. (2017) Morocco: An informal passage to literacy in d?rija (Moroccan Arabic). In J. Højgilt and G. Mejdell (eds) The Politics of Written Language in the Arab World: Writing Change 116–141. Leiden: Brill.
Cenoz, J. and Gorter, D. (2006) Linguistic landscape and minority languages. International Journal of Multilingualism 3: 67–80. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14790710608668386.
El Alami, M. (2012) Ar-Rah?l. Rabat: Dar Abi Raqraq.
Elinson, A. E. (2013) D?rija and changing writing practices in Morocco. International Journal of Middle East Studies 45: 715–730. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020743813000871.
Elinson, A. E. (2017) Writing oral and literary culture: The case of the contemporary Moroccan zajal. In J. Højgilt and G. Mejdell (eds) The Politics of Written Language in the Arab World: Writing Change 190–211. Leiden: Brill.
Ezzouak, M. (2011) Dr. Mourad Alami: ‘En plus d?être orale, la darija marocaine doit aussi devenir écrite’. Retrieved on 18 October 2017 from: https://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/4144/mourad-alami-plus-etre-orale.html.
Fondation Zakoura Education (2010) Actes du Colloque International «La Langue, les Langues». Casablanca: Fondation Zakoura Education.
Hachimi, A. (2017) Moralizing stances: Discursive play and ideologies of language and gender in Moroccan digital discourse. In J. Højgilt and G. Mejdell (eds) The Politics of Written Language in the Arab World: Writing Change 239–265. Leiden: Brill.
Hall, J. L. (2015) Debating Darija: Language Ideology and the Written Representation of Moroccan Arabic in Morocco. Unpublished PhD dissertation, retrieved on 20 October 2015 from: https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/111375/jennylh_1.pdf.
Høigilt, J. (2017) Dialect with an attitude: Language and criticism in new Egyptian print media. In J. Højgilt and G. Mejdell (eds) The Politics of Written Language in the Arab World: Writing Change 166–189. Leiden: Brill.
Hoogland, J. (2010) Unpublished interview with Ahmed Benchemsi.
Hoogland, J. (2013) L’Arabe marocain, langue écrite. In M. Benítez Fernández, C. Miller, J. J. de Ruiter and Y. Tamer (eds) Évolution des pratiques et representations langagières dans le Maroc du XXIe siècle. Volume 1 175–188. Paris: L’Harmattan.
Iddins, A. (2015) Debating Darija: TelQuel and language politics in modern Morocco. Media, Culture & Society 27(2): 288–301. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443714560133.
Kindt, K. T. and Kebede, T. A. (2017) A language for the People? Quantitative indicators of written d?rija and ??mmiyya in Cairo and Rabat. In J. Højgilt and G. Mejdell (eds) The Politics of Written Language in the Arab World: Writing Change 18–40. Leiden: Brill.
Ksikes, D. (2006) ‘al?š niš?n. Nichane 78.
Mejdell, G. (2017) Changing norms, concepts and practices of written Arabic: A ‘long distance’ perspective. In J. Højgilt and G. Mejdell (eds) The Politics of Written Language in the Arab World: Writing Change 68–89. Leiden: Brill.
Mgharfaoui, K., Chekayri, A. and Mabrour, A. (2017) Qam?s ad-d?ri?a al-ma?rib?ya. Casablanca: Fondation Zakoura.
Miller, C. (2011) Usage de la darija dans la presse marocaine 2009–2010. Rabat: Centre Jacques Berque.
Miller, C. (2012) Observations concernant la présence de l’Arabe Marocain dans la presse Marocaine Arabophone des années 2009–2010. In M. Meouak, P. Sánchez and A. Vicente (eds) De los manuscritos medievales a Internet: La presencia del árabe vernáculo en las fuentes escritas 419–440. Zaragoza: Área de Estudios Árabes e Islámicos, Universidad de Zaragoza.
Miller, C. (2014) Évolution des pratiques, évolutions des représentations? Petit retour sur le débat autour de la valorisation de la darija au Maroc. Paper presented at LACNAD-IREMAM conference ‘Langues de l’Afrique du Nord (berbère/arabe maghrébin): Statut juridique vs statut réel. Évolutions récentes, là-bas et ici’, 11 March 2014, Aix en Provence. Retrieved on 17th January 2018 from: http://reb.centrederechercheberbere.fr/tl_files/doc-pdf/REB%2010/Pages%20de%20REB%2010_V2-7.pdf.
Miller, C. (2017) Contemporary d?rija writings in Morocco: Ideology and practice. In J. Højgilt and G. Mejdell (eds) The Politics of Written Language in the Arab World: Writing Change 90–115. Leiden: Brill.
Morgan, S. (2009) The Darija Movement in Morocco: A Claim to Political Inclusion. Unpublished MA thesis, Barnard College.
Rabbaj, F. (2012) Entretien avec Mourad Alami ‘Le Ministre de la Culture doit aider à la création en langue marocaine’. Retrieved on 17 October 2017 from: https://lnt.ma/entretien-avec-mourad-alami-le-ministre-de-la-culture-doit-aider-a-lacreation-en-langue-marocaine/.
TelQuel (2002) Darija langue nationale. TelQuel 34.
Ziamari, K. and Barontini, A. (2013) Ana: Parlez-vous arabe marocain? Quand les series réconcilient avec la darija. In M. Benítez Fernández, C. Miller, J. J. de Ruiter and Y. Tamer (eds) Évolution des pratiques et représentations langagières dans le Maroc du XXIe siècle. Volume 1 119–143. Paris: L’Harmattan.
Ziamari, K. and de Ruiter J. J. (2016) Les langues au Maroc: Réalités, changements et évolutions linguistiques. In B. Dupret, Z. Rhani, A. Boutaleb and J.-N. Ferrié (eds) Le Maroc au présent: D’une époque à l’autre, une société en mutation 441–462. Casablanca: Fondation du Roi Abdul-Azi?.
Benítez Fernández, M. (2010) La política lingüística contemporánea de Marruecos: De la arabización a la aceptación del multilingüismo. Zaragoza: IEIOP.
Blommaert, J. (2013) Ethnography, Superdiversity and Linguistic Landscapes: Chronicles of Complexity. Bristol: Multilingual Matters. Doi: https://doi.org/10.21832/9781783090419.
Caubet, D. (2006) Génération Darija! Estudios de Dialectología Norteafricana y Andalusí 9: 233–243.
Caubet, D. (2017) Morocco: An informal passage to literacy in d?rija (Moroccan Arabic). In J. Højgilt and G. Mejdell (eds) The Politics of Written Language in the Arab World: Writing Change 116–141. Leiden: Brill.
Cenoz, J. and Gorter, D. (2006) Linguistic landscape and minority languages. International Journal of Multilingualism 3: 67–80. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14790710608668386.
El Alami, M. (2012) Ar-Rah?l. Rabat: Dar Abi Raqraq.
Elinson, A. E. (2013) D?rija and changing writing practices in Morocco. International Journal of Middle East Studies 45: 715–730. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020743813000871.
Elinson, A. E. (2017) Writing oral and literary culture: The case of the contemporary Moroccan zajal. In J. Højgilt and G. Mejdell (eds) The Politics of Written Language in the Arab World: Writing Change 190–211. Leiden: Brill.
Ezzouak, M. (2011) Dr. Mourad Alami: ‘En plus d?être orale, la darija marocaine doit aussi devenir écrite’. Retrieved on 18 October 2017 from: https://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/4144/mourad-alami-plus-etre-orale.html.
Fondation Zakoura Education (2010) Actes du Colloque International «La Langue, les Langues». Casablanca: Fondation Zakoura Education.
Hachimi, A. (2017) Moralizing stances: Discursive play and ideologies of language and gender in Moroccan digital discourse. In J. Højgilt and G. Mejdell (eds) The Politics of Written Language in the Arab World: Writing Change 239–265. Leiden: Brill.
Hall, J. L. (2015) Debating Darija: Language Ideology and the Written Representation of Moroccan Arabic in Morocco. Unpublished PhD dissertation, retrieved on 20 October 2015 from: https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/111375/jennylh_1.pdf.
Høigilt, J. (2017) Dialect with an attitude: Language and criticism in new Egyptian print media. In J. Højgilt and G. Mejdell (eds) The Politics of Written Language in the Arab World: Writing Change 166–189. Leiden: Brill.
Hoogland, J. (2010) Unpublished interview with Ahmed Benchemsi.
Hoogland, J. (2013) L’Arabe marocain, langue écrite. In M. Benítez Fernández, C. Miller, J. J. de Ruiter and Y. Tamer (eds) Évolution des pratiques et representations langagières dans le Maroc du XXIe siècle. Volume 1 175–188. Paris: L’Harmattan.
Iddins, A. (2015) Debating Darija: TelQuel and language politics in modern Morocco. Media, Culture & Society 27(2): 288–301. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443714560133.
Kindt, K. T. and Kebede, T. A. (2017) A language for the People? Quantitative indicators of written d?rija and ??mmiyya in Cairo and Rabat. In J. Højgilt and G. Mejdell (eds) The Politics of Written Language in the Arab World: Writing Change 18–40. Leiden: Brill.
Ksikes, D. (2006) ‘al?š niš?n. Nichane 78.
Mejdell, G. (2017) Changing norms, concepts and practices of written Arabic: A ‘long distance’ perspective. In J. Højgilt and G. Mejdell (eds) The Politics of Written Language in the Arab World: Writing Change 68–89. Leiden: Brill.
Mgharfaoui, K., Chekayri, A. and Mabrour, A. (2017) Qam?s ad-d?ri?a al-ma?rib?ya. Casablanca: Fondation Zakoura.
Miller, C. (2011) Usage de la darija dans la presse marocaine 2009–2010. Rabat: Centre Jacques Berque.
Miller, C. (2012) Observations concernant la présence de l’Arabe Marocain dans la presse Marocaine Arabophone des années 2009–2010. In M. Meouak, P. Sánchez and A. Vicente (eds) De los manuscritos medievales a Internet: La presencia del árabe vernáculo en las fuentes escritas 419–440. Zaragoza: Área de Estudios Árabes e Islámicos, Universidad de Zaragoza.
Miller, C. (2014) Évolution des pratiques, évolutions des représentations? Petit retour sur le débat autour de la valorisation de la darija au Maroc. Paper presented at LACNAD-IREMAM conference ‘Langues de l’Afrique du Nord (berbère/arabe maghrébin): Statut juridique vs statut réel. Évolutions récentes, là-bas et ici’, 11 March 2014, Aix en Provence. Retrieved on 17th January 2018 from: http://reb.centrederechercheberbere.fr/tl_files/doc-pdf/REB%2010/Pages%20de%20REB%2010_V2-7.pdf.
Miller, C. (2017) Contemporary d?rija writings in Morocco: Ideology and practice. In J. Højgilt and G. Mejdell (eds) The Politics of Written Language in the Arab World: Writing Change 90–115. Leiden: Brill.
Morgan, S. (2009) The Darija Movement in Morocco: A Claim to Political Inclusion. Unpublished MA thesis, Barnard College.
Rabbaj, F. (2012) Entretien avec Mourad Alami ‘Le Ministre de la Culture doit aider à la création en langue marocaine’. Retrieved on 17 October 2017 from: https://lnt.ma/entretien-avec-mourad-alami-le-ministre-de-la-culture-doit-aider-a-lacreation-en-langue-marocaine/.
TelQuel (2002) Darija langue nationale. TelQuel 34.
Ziamari, K. and Barontini, A. (2013) Ana: Parlez-vous arabe marocain? Quand les series réconcilient avec la darija. In M. Benítez Fernández, C. Miller, J. J. de Ruiter and Y. Tamer (eds) Évolution des pratiques et représentations langagières dans le Maroc du XXIe siècle. Volume 1 119–143. Paris: L’Harmattan.
Ziamari, K. and de Ruiter J. J. (2016) Les langues au Maroc: Réalités, changements et évolutions linguistiques. In B. Dupret, Z. Rhani, A. Boutaleb and J.-N. Ferrié (eds) Le Maroc au présent: D’une époque à l’autre, une société en mutation 441–462. Casablanca: Fondation du Roi Abdul-Azi?.
Published
2019-02-26
Issue
Section
Articles
How to Cite
Hoogland, J. (2019). Darija in the Moroccan press: The case of the magazine Nichane. Sociolinguistic Studies, 12(2), 273-293. https://doi.org/10.1558/sols.35567
