Preliminary Tests of Language Learning in a Speech-Interactive Graphics Microworld
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1558/cj.v16i3.339-359Keywords:
Microworld, Speech Recognition, Authoring, Evaluation, User Trials, Graphical InterfaceAbstract
A speech-interactive graphics microworld is described in which learners speak problem-solving directions to an animated agent and in which new scenarios can be authored. A proof-of-concept application is illustrated for sustaining basic speaking skill in Modern Standard Arabic. Preliminary tests of the application are summarized involving learners from both university and military settings. Problems are discussed in predicting and measuring learning gains based on brief exposure to new technologies.
References
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Schendel, J. D., & Hagman, J. D. (1982). On sustaining procedural skills over a prolonged retention interval. Journal of Applied Psychology, 67, 605-610.
Schmidt, R. A. (1990). Feedback for skill acquisition: Preliminaries to a theory of feedback (Final Report, U.S. Army Research Institute Contract MDA903-85-K-0225). Los Angeles, CA: University of California at Los Angeles, Dept. of Psychology Motor Control Laboratory.
Schmidt, R. A., & Bjork, R. (1992). New conceptualizations of practice. Psychological Science, 3, 207-217.
Anderson, J. R., Conrad, F., & Corbett, A. (1989). Skill acquisition and the LISP tutor. Cognitive Science, 8, 87-129.
Anderson, R.C., Kulhavey, R., & Andre, T. (1971). Feedback procedures in programmed instruction. Journal of Educational Research, 62, 148-156.
Atkinson, R.C. (1976). Adaptive instructional systems: Some attempts to optimize the learning process. In D. Klahr (Ed.), Cognition and instruction. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Bailin, A. (Ed.). (1991). Intelligent Computer Assisted Language Instruction [Special Issue]. CALICO Journal, 9.
Berlyne, D. (1968). Curiosity and exploration. Science, 153, 25-33.
Bernstein, J. (1994). Speech recognition in language education. In F. L. Borchardt & E. Johnson (Eds.), Proceedings of the 1994 CALICO annual symposium: Human factors (pp. 37-41). Durham, NC: CALICO.
Bernstein, J., & Franco, H. (1996). Speech recognition by computer. In N. Lass (Ed.), Principles of experimental phonetics. St. Louis: Mosby.
Collins, A., Brown, J. S., & Newman, S. (1989). Cognitive apprenticeship: Teaching the craft of reading, writing, and mathematics. In L. B. Resnick (Ed.), Knowing, learning, and instruction: Essays in honor of Robert Glaser. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Criswell, E., Byrnes, H., & Pfister, G. (1992). Intelligent automated strategies of teaching foreign language in context. In M. L. Swartz & M.Yazdani (Eds.), Intelligent tutoring systems for foreign language learning: The bridge to international communication (pp. 321-335). New York: Springer-Verlag.
Dorr, B., Hendler, J., Blanksteen, S., & Migdaloff, B. (1995). On beyond syntax: Use of lexical conceptual structure for intelligent tutoring. In V. M. Holland, J. D. Kaplan, & M. R. Sams (Eds.), Intelligent language tutors: Theory shaping technology. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Douglas, S. A. (1995). LingWorlds: An intelligent object-oriented environment for second language tutoring. In V. M. Holland, J. D. Kaplan, & M. R. Sams(Eds.), Intelligent language tutors: Theory shaping technology. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Driskell, J. E., Willis, R., & Cooper, C. (1992). Effect of overlearning on retention. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77, 615-622.
EER Systems (1991). Final report: Foreign language training for Special Forces Functional Language Course. Prepared for U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command. Newport News, VA: Author.
Gagne, R., & Briggs, L. (1979). Principles of instructional design. New York: Holt, Reinhart & Winston.
Hamburger, H., & Hashim, R. (1992). Foreign language learning and tutoring environment. In M. L. Swartz & M.Yazdani (Eds.), Intelligent tutoring systems for foreign language learning: The bridge to international communication. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Harless, W., & Zier, M. (1998). Foreign language training with Virtual Conversations™ technology. Paper presented at the meeting of the Annual Computer Assisted Language Instruction Consortium. San Diego, CA.
Holland, M., Maisano, R., Alderks, C., & Martin, J. (1993). Parsers in tutors: What are they good for? The CALICO Journal, 11(1), 28-46.
Kaplan, J. D., & Holland, V. M. (1995). Application of learning principle to the design of a second-language tutor. In V. M. Holland, J. D. Kaplan, & M. R. Sams (Eds.), Intelligent language tutors: Theory shaping technology. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Kaplan, J. D., Sabol, M., Wisher, R., & Seidel, R. (in press). The Military Language Tutor (MILT) program: An advanced authoring system. International Journal of Computer Assisted Language Learning.
Lett, J., & O’Mara, F. (1990). Predictors of success in an intensive foreign language context: Correlates of language learning at Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center. In T. Perry & C. Stansfield (Eds.), Language aptitude reconsidered. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Malone, T. (1981). Toward a theory of intrinsically motivating instruction. Cognitive Science, 4, 333-369.
McClelland, D. C. (1961). The achieving society. New York: Van Nostrand.
Newell, A. (1990). A unified theory of cognition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Park, O. K., & Tennyson, R. D. (1983). Computer-based instructional systems for adaptive education: A review. Contemporary Education Review, 2, 121-134.
Robinson, G. (1991). Effective feedback strategies in CALL: Learning theory and empirical research. In P. Dunkel (Ed.), Computer-assisted language learning and testing. Research issues and practice (pp. 155-167). New York: Newbury House.
Sabol, M. (in press). The voice recognition experiment: First results (ARI Working Paper). Alexandria, VA: U.S. Army Research Institute.
Schendel, J. D., & Hagman, J. D. (1982). On sustaining procedural skills over a prolonged retention interval. Journal of Applied Psychology, 67, 605-610.
Schmidt, R. A. (1990). Feedback for skill acquisition: Preliminaries to a theory of feedback (Final Report, U.S. Army Research Institute Contract MDA903-85-K-0225). Los Angeles, CA: University of California at Los Angeles, Dept. of Psychology Motor Control Laboratory.
Schmidt, R. A., & Bjork, R. (1992). New conceptualizations of practice. Psychological Science, 3, 207-217.
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Published
2013-01-14
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How to Cite
Holland, V. M., Kaplan, J. D., & Sabol, M. A. (2013). Preliminary Tests of Language Learning in a Speech-Interactive Graphics Microworld. CALICO Journal, 16(3), 339-359. https://doi.org/10.1558/cj.v16i3.339-359