The Employment and Significance of the Sadāprarudita’s Jātaka/Avādana Story in Different Buddhist Traditions
Issued Date: 13 Jul 2012
Abstract
The jātaka story of the Bodhisattva Sadāprarudita (literally meaning ‘ever weeping’), the most well known version of which is found in the Aṣṭasāhasrikā-prajñāpāramitā-sūtra, is a story that has been used in different ways in various Buddhist traditions that flourished in India, Central Asia, China and Tibet. For example, it is quoted and discussed in several commentarial and biographical works in Sanskrit, Chinese and Tibetan and it is found in Candrakīrti’s Prasannapadā, Śāntideva’s Śikṣāsamuccaya, and works about the lives of eminent Tibetan masters, such as Marpa, Milarepa, Rechungpa. In some works Sadāprarudita is presented as the paragon of one who searches for prajñāpāramitā; in others he is the model for those who desire to serve their gurus. In China, moreover, during the early stage of the Pure Land tradition, Sadāprarudita was regarded as the preeminent exemplar of one practising the niànfósānmèi 念佛三昧 (concentration of recollecting the buddhas, *buddhasmṛti or *buddhānusmṛti). This paper will examine the story of Sadāprarudita as it is preserved in different sources, and will address its significance and the possible reasons for its employment by different Buddhist traditions.
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References
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Conze, Edward. 1978. The Prajñāpāramitā Literature (2nd ed.). Tokyo: The Reiyukai.
Cowell, Edward B. and Robert Alexander Neil eds. 1886. The Divyâvadâna: A Collection of Early Buddhist Legends. Cambridge: n.p.
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Demiéville, Paul. 1950. ‘Review of Étienne Lamotte, 1949 Le Traité de la Grande Vertu de Sagesse de Nagarjuna, Tome II’. Journal Asiatique 238: 375–395.
Fujita Masahiro 藤田正浩. 1990. ‘Butsuden bungaku to daijō kyōten: Rokudojūkkyō no jōhibosatsumonogatari to Hannyakyō no jōteibosatsubon’ 仏伝文学と大乗経典: 『六度集経』の「常悲菩薩物語」と『般若経』の「常啼菩薩品」 (The literature on the Buddha’s biography and Mahāyāna sūtras: The Sadāprarudita jātaka in the Compendium on the Six Pāramitās and the chapter of Sadāprarudita in the Prajñāpāramitā sūtras). Indogaku bukkyōgaku kenkyū 印度学仏教学研究 (Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies) 39(1): 26–31.
sGam Po Pa, trans. into English by Herbert V. Gunether. 1959. The Jewel Ornament of Liberation. London: Rider and Company.
Gyatso, Kelsang. 1992. Great Treasury of Merit. London: Tharpa Publications.
He-ru-ka, Gtsang-smyon (Tsang Nyön Heruka). 1970. Sgra-bsgyur Mar-pa Lo-tsʼaʼi rNam-par-thar-pa mThong-ba Don-yod bZhugs-so (The Biography of Marpa: The Translator). Varanasi: E. Kalsang.
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