Interaction Order and Anxiety Disorder: A “Batesonian” Heuristic of Speaking Patterns during Psychotherapy
Issued Date: 29 Jun 2012
Abstract
This paper describes speaking practices enacted by young female in-patients during psychotherapy sessions. The patients are in treatment for anxiety and panic disorders (social phobias). The practices involve prosodic, lexical, and pragmatic aspects of utterance construction. An effect that they share is that the speaker’s embodied presence in her talk and her epistemic commitment to it are reduced as the utterance progresses. The practices are interpreted in light of Bateson’s interactional theory of character formation: as elements of a self-sustaining system Angst (anxiety). The study has grown out of an interdisciplinary effort to explore possible relationships between types of anxiety and the communicative and linguistic patterns by which patients describe panic attacks and other highly emotional experiences.
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DOI: 10.1558/cam.v8i3.261
References
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Auer, P., Couper-Kuhlen, E. and Mueller, F. (1999). Language in Time. The Rhythm and Tempo of Spoken Interaction. New York: Oxford University Press.
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Bateson, G. (1958 (1936)). Naven (2nd edn). Stanford: Stanford University Press.
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Bourdieu, P. (1977). Outline of a Theory of Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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Curl, T. S. (2005). Practices in other-initiated repair resolution: The phonetic differentiation of 'repetitions'. Discourse Processes 39: 11–43.
Dally, A., Falck, O., Ferrari, Leichsenring, F. , Rabung, S. and Streeck, U. (2005). Soziale Ängste in einer klinischen Population. Psychotherapie und Psychosomatische Medizin 55 (3/4): 169–176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2004-834631
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Gabbard, G. O. (1995). Countertransference: The emerging common ground. International Journal for Psychoanalysis 76: 475–485.
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Goldstein, L. and Fowler, C. A. (2003). Articulatory phonology: A phonology for public language use. In N. O. Schiller and A. Meyer (eds) Phonetics and Phonology in Language Comprehension and Production: Differences and Similarities 159–207. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Goodwin, C. (2007). Participation, stance and affect in the organization of activities. Discourse and Society 18: 53–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926507069457
Goodwin, C. and Goodwin, M. H. (2000). Emotion within situated activity. In N. Budwig, I. C. Uzgiris and J. V. Wertsch (eds) Communication: An Arena of Development 33–54. Stamford, CT: Ablex.
Gülich, E. and Lindemann, K. (2010). Communicating emotion in doctor-patient interaction. In D. Barth-Weingarten, E. Reber and M. Selting (eds) Prosody in Interaction 269–293. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Gülich, E. and Schöndienst, M. (2005). Kommunikative Darstellung und klinische Repräsentation von Angst. Exemplarische Untersuchungen zur Bedeutung von Affekten bei Patienten mit Anffalskrankheiten und/oder Angsterkrankungen. ZiF-Mitteilungen 3): 4–9.
Gumperz, J. J. (1992). Contextualization and understanding. In C. Goodwin and A. Duranti (eds) Rethinking Context 229–252. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hymes, D. (1989). Ways of speaking. In R. Bauman, and J. Sherzer (eds) Explorations in the Ethnography of Speaking 433–452. 2nd edn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Jefferson, G. (1980). On a failed hypothesis: ‘conjunctionals’ as overlap vulnerable. In G. Jefferson (ed.) Two Explorations of the Organization of Overlapping Talk in Conversation Vol. 28. Tilburg: Tilburg Papers in Language and Literature.
Kelso, J. A. S., Saltzman, E. L. and Tuller, B. (1986). The dynamical perspective on speech production: Data and theory. Journal of Phonetics 14: 29–59.
Korobov, N. and Bamberg, M. (2004). Development as micro-genetic positioning. British Journal of Developmental Psychology 22: 521–530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1348/0261510042378218
Mead, G. H. (1934). Mind, Self and Society. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Ogden, R. (2010). Prosodic constructions in making complaints. In D. Barth-Weingarten, E. Reber and M. Selting (eds) Prosody in Interaction 81–104. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Ponsi, M. (1997). Interaction and transference. Journal of Psychoanalysis 78: 243–263.
Potter, J. (1998). Discursive social psychology: From attitudes to evaluations. European Review of Social Psychology 9: 233–266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14792779843000090
Selting, M. (2010). Prosody in interaction: State of the art. In D. Barth-Weingarten, E. Reber and M. Selting (eds) Prosody in Interaction 3–40. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Slobin, D. I. (1996). From ‘thought and language’ to ‘thinking for speaking’. In J. J. Gumperz and S. Levinson (eds) Rethinking Linguistic Relativity 97–114. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Streeck, J. (2002). Grammars, words, and embodied meanings. On the evolution and uses of so and like. Journal of Communication 52 (3): 581–596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2002.tb02563.x
Streeck, J. and Streeck, U. (2002). Mikroanalyse sprachlichen und körperlichen Interaktionsverhaltens in psychotherapeutischen Beziehungen. Psychotherapie und Sozialwissenschaft 5 (1): 61–78.
Streeck, U. (2004). Auf den ersten Blick. Psychotherapeutische Beziehungen unter dem Mikroskop. Stuttgart: Klett.
Tugendhat, E. (1986). Self-Consciousness and Self-Determination. Cmabridge, MA: MIT Press.
Auer, P., Couper-Kuhlen, E. and Mueller, F. (1999). Language in Time. The Rhythm and Tempo of Spoken Interaction. New York: Oxford University Press.
Bamberg, M. (2000). Critical personalism, language and development. Theory and Psychology 10 (6): 749–767. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959354300106003
Bateson, G. (1958 (1936)). Naven (2nd edn). Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Bateson, G. (1972). Steps to an Ecology of Mind. New York: Ballantine.
Bateson, G. and Mead, M. (1942). Balinese Character. A Photographic Analysis. New York: New York Academy of Sciences.
Browman, C. P. and Goldstein, L. (1990). Gestural structures: distinctiveness, phonological processes, and historical change. In I. G. Mattingly and M. Studdert-Kennedy (eds) Modularity and the Motor Theory of Speech Perception 129–146. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Bourdieu, P. (1977). Outline of a Theory of Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Capps, L. and Ochs, E. (1995). Constructing Panic: The Discourse of Agoraphobia. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Curl, T. S. (2005). Practices in other-initiated repair resolution: The phonetic differentiation of 'repetitions'. Discourse Processes 39: 11–43.
Dally, A., Falck, O., Ferrari, Leichsenring, F. , Rabung, S. and Streeck, U. (2005). Soziale Ängste in einer klinischen Population. Psychotherapie und Psychosomatische Medizin 55 (3/4): 169–176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2004-834631
Derksen, J. (1995). Personality Disorders. Clinical and Social Perspectives. New York: Wiley.
Egbert, M. and Bergmann, J. (2004). Angst – Von der Phaenomenologie zur Interaktion. Psychotherapie und Sozialwissenschaft 6: 227–242.
Gabbard, G. O. (1995). Countertransference: The emerging common ground. International Journal for Psychoanalysis 76: 475–485.
Goffman, E. (1981). Forms of Talk. Oxford: Blackwell.
Goffman, E. (1983). The interaction order. American Sociological Review 48: 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2095141
Goldstein, L. and Fowler, C. A. (2003). Articulatory phonology: A phonology for public language use. In N. O. Schiller and A. Meyer (eds) Phonetics and Phonology in Language Comprehension and Production: Differences and Similarities 159–207. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Goodwin, C. (2007). Participation, stance and affect in the organization of activities. Discourse and Society 18: 53–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926507069457
Goodwin, C. and Goodwin, M. H. (2000). Emotion within situated activity. In N. Budwig, I. C. Uzgiris and J. V. Wertsch (eds) Communication: An Arena of Development 33–54. Stamford, CT: Ablex.
Gülich, E. and Lindemann, K. (2010). Communicating emotion in doctor-patient interaction. In D. Barth-Weingarten, E. Reber and M. Selting (eds) Prosody in Interaction 269–293. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Gülich, E. and Schöndienst, M. (2005). Kommunikative Darstellung und klinische Repräsentation von Angst. Exemplarische Untersuchungen zur Bedeutung von Affekten bei Patienten mit Anffalskrankheiten und/oder Angsterkrankungen. ZiF-Mitteilungen 3): 4–9.
Gumperz, J. J. (1992). Contextualization and understanding. In C. Goodwin and A. Duranti (eds) Rethinking Context 229–252. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hymes, D. (1989). Ways of speaking. In R. Bauman, and J. Sherzer (eds) Explorations in the Ethnography of Speaking 433–452. 2nd edn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Jefferson, G. (1980). On a failed hypothesis: ‘conjunctionals’ as overlap vulnerable. In G. Jefferson (ed.) Two Explorations of the Organization of Overlapping Talk in Conversation Vol. 28. Tilburg: Tilburg Papers in Language and Literature.
Kelso, J. A. S., Saltzman, E. L. and Tuller, B. (1986). The dynamical perspective on speech production: Data and theory. Journal of Phonetics 14: 29–59.
Korobov, N. and Bamberg, M. (2004). Development as micro-genetic positioning. British Journal of Developmental Psychology 22: 521–530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1348/0261510042378218
Mead, G. H. (1934). Mind, Self and Society. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Ogden, R. (2010). Prosodic constructions in making complaints. In D. Barth-Weingarten, E. Reber and M. Selting (eds) Prosody in Interaction 81–104. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Ponsi, M. (1997). Interaction and transference. Journal of Psychoanalysis 78: 243–263.
Potter, J. (1998). Discursive social psychology: From attitudes to evaluations. European Review of Social Psychology 9: 233–266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14792779843000090
Selting, M. (2010). Prosody in interaction: State of the art. In D. Barth-Weingarten, E. Reber and M. Selting (eds) Prosody in Interaction 3–40. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Slobin, D. I. (1996). From ‘thought and language’ to ‘thinking for speaking’. In J. J. Gumperz and S. Levinson (eds) Rethinking Linguistic Relativity 97–114. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Streeck, J. (2002). Grammars, words, and embodied meanings. On the evolution and uses of so and like. Journal of Communication 52 (3): 581–596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2002.tb02563.x
Streeck, J. and Streeck, U. (2002). Mikroanalyse sprachlichen und körperlichen Interaktionsverhaltens in psychotherapeutischen Beziehungen. Psychotherapie und Sozialwissenschaft 5 (1): 61–78.
Streeck, U. (2004). Auf den ersten Blick. Psychotherapeutische Beziehungen unter dem Mikroskop. Stuttgart: Klett.
Tugendhat, E. (1986). Self-Consciousness and Self-Determination. Cmabridge, MA: MIT Press.
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